Remy Froissart, CNRS

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=====Study of the antagonistic co-evolution between therapeutic bacteriophages and carbapenem-resistant E. coli=====

Bacterial evolution towards antibiotic resistance is becoming an increasingly pressing global problem. For example, nearly 5 million people die each year worldwide from infection with bacteria associated with one or more antibiotic resistances (Murray et al 2022 Lancet) and predictions are that 10 million people will die each year by 2050 (O'Neill 2016 Rev. Antimicriobiol. Resist). According to the World Health Organisation, a 'post-antibiotic' era - in which common infections and minor injuries can kill - could therefore soon be upon us if nothing is done. Some 20 bacterial species pose a particular threat to global public health, with carbapenem-resistant //E. coli// at the forefront.

To face this health threat, it is urgent to find new therapies capable of controlling antibiotic-resistant bacterial genotypes while taking into account the evolutionary processes in our therapeutic approaches (evolutionary medicine) in order to not fall into the same dead ends as we did with chemical antibiotics. Among the various alternative or complementary strategies to antibiotics, treatments involving therapeutic bacteriophages are currently in the midst of a renaissance phase of fundamental and applied research.

In the framework of a collaboration with the [[ https://www.crioac-lyon.fr/phagotherapie-bacteriophage/|Hospices Civiles de Lyon]] and within the [[ https://www.chu-lyon.fr/antibioresistance-projet-phag-one|Phag-One]] project, the thesis project proposes to study the effect of the adaptation of several bacteriophages to one or several targetted bacterial genotypes (specialist versus generalist bacteriophages) not only on the efficacy and mechanisms of infection (virulence) but also on the capacity of the bacteriophages to inhibit the appearance of resistant bacteria.

The thesis will be carried out in a laboratory ([[ https://virostyle.cnrs.fr/team/|Virostyle team]], UMR 5290 [[ https://mivegec.fr/|MIVEGEC]]) where we are interested in understanding the antagonistic co-evolution between bacteriophages and Salmonella or E.coli. The work will be multi-disciplinary in that it will involve experiments in evolutionary biology (experimental evolution), microbiology (bacteriology and virology) and molecular biology. An interest in bioinformatics will be a plus. Collaboration with modellers will be possible.

If interested, applicants must send by February 27th 2022 to me : 
  * a letter of motivation 
  * their curriculum vitae with quotes of evaluations, list of publications and/or communication
  * CV including  name, adresss and e-mail contact details of referees with whom they have worked in the past (and notably the M2'suppervisor),
  * CV including potential other diplomas, 
  * CV including professional project (max 500 characters)

If pre-selected by our group "Virostyle", we will organize an interview by visio during the following week (from March 1st to 4th). The whole project (that is, (i) the subject of the study, (ii) the candidate and (iii) the supervisor group) will then be sent on March 10th, 2022 to the "Ecole doctorale" [[ https://gaia.umontpellier.fr/|GAIA]] of Montpellier University that will select one subject for the whole "Ecole doctorale" on March 21st. If selected by the "Ecole doctorale", we will ultimately submit the grant proposal before March 30th, 2022 to the french [[ https://www.frm.org/|Medical Research Foundation]] (FRM).
Remy Froissart, CNRS

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